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W. HOWARD. GAR HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS! No. 503,745. Patented Aug. 22, 1893.

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W. HOWARD. GAR HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS.

No. 503,745. Patented Aug. 22, 1893.

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W. HOWARD. GAR HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS.

NITED STATES PATENT O FICE.

WALTER HOWARD, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

CAR HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 503,745, dated August 22, 1893. Application filed February 3,1893. Serial No. 460.885. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, WALTER HOWARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have in Vented certain new and useful Improvements in Car Heating and Ventilating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to that class of car heating and ventilating apparatus in which the air used for the purpose is taken from in front of the locomotive and is heated by the steam and hot gases produced therein; and the objects of my invention are to produce simple and comparatively inexpensive means for utilizing the wasted heat and gases received in the smoke-box of a locomotive, and also the caloric produced by the exhaust steam of the engine. I attain these objects by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1, is a side view of a locomotive and a portion of a train of cars heated and ventilated in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2, is a side view of the front portion of the locomotive on a large scale. Fig. 3, is a longitudinal central vertical section of a portion of the locomotive. Fig. 4, is a transverse vertical section of the same on a line passing through the center of the smoke stack. Fig. 5, is a longitudinal vertical section through the fioor of a car provided with means for heating and ventilating it in accordance with my invention. Fig. 6, is a plan view of the under side of the car. Fig. 7, is a horizontal section of. the car, above the floor thereof. Fig. 8, is a perspective view of one of the hotair regulating register-plates to be placed within the hot-air pipes to control the issue of hot-air therefrom. Fig. 9, is a longitudinal vertical section on a large scale of one end of the hot-air and steam carrying pipes, showing the steam controlling valve on the latter. Fig. 10 is a transverse section of the double fan used with the apparatus. Fig. 11, represents on a large scale an inside view and Fig. 11 a transverse section on line a; so of Fig. 11 showing the lever used to control from a distance the steam valve placed upon the steam pipe of the cylinder of the engine. Fig. 12, is a perspective view of the combined feed water heater and steam reservoir for the car heating pipes. Fig. 13 is a transverse vertical section on line y y of Fig. 3.

In said drawings A represents the boiler of a locomotive suitably carried on wheels as usual, the driving cylinders B being supplied with steam from the steam dome through pipes 12. The steam after it has moved the driving pistons, exhausts through suitable pipes as usual into the saddle G of the frame and thence through the pipe 1) into an exhaust chamber D placed a short distance in front of the forward flue sheet A of the boiler. During warm weather the steam is allowed to escape from the top of the chamber D, through a pipe 01 having its upper end within the smoke stack A of the locomotive. But during cold weather the pipe (1 is closed or partly closed by means of a valve 61 placed upon said pipe, and the steam is conducted by means of pipes d issuing from each side of the chamber Dinto branch pipes d Fig. 4 that lead into steam pipes d that are incased within air pipes E, and said pipes E with the steam pipes 01 in their interior extend the whole length of the train. These steam pipes (1 help to maintain the air in the pipes E at a high temperature. But said air is primarily received into the pipes E in a warm condition. For this purpose there is placed on the front of the locomotive a fan F preferably of the form shown in my application for patent filed January 4, 1893, that receives the atmospheric air through its eye and discharges it through its periphery into vertical pipef, on each side of the locomotive, through which it is conducted into coils of pipes f suitably supported in a smoke chamber A in the front end of the boiler under the smoke stack A In the topof said chamber there is a plate A having a series of perforations the size of which is regulated by a similarly perforated plate or damper A adapted to be horizontally reciprocated to remove the ashes accumulating thereon. From the coils f the heated air enters the car-heating pipes E at f. To regulate the amount of heated air directed into the pipes E or to permit the whole current of air sent by the fan to be deflected directly into the pipes E, if the atmospheric air is nearly warm enough, there is placed upon the top of the vertical pipes f a cock f IOC that is then closed and a cock f that is kept open adjacent to ahorizontal pipe f thathas one end connected with the pipe f and the other end directly with the pipe E.

To return the sparks or cinders that fall into-the bottom of the smoke chamber A back to the furnace of the locomotive, there is at the rear of the fan F a small fan G on each side of said chamber connected with the fan F by means of a belt retained 'under proper tension. The eye of the fan G is con-' nected with thebottom of the chamber A and attached to its periphery there is atpipe G2 that conducts the sparks to the furnace or fire chamber of the locomotive and thus in creases the combustion in said furnace. The shaft of the fan F is rotated by means of an eccentric or crank on each end that is connected with the piston rod of a small cylinder H on each side of the boiler suitably retained against the side of the chamber-A The piston of said cylinder H is operated by steam brought from the steam-dome through the pipe h, and the exhaust steam is conducted from said cylinder through the "pipe h to the exhaust chamber D, into which it enters through the opening it in the side thereof.

In very cold weather live steam is taken directly from the steam-dome of the engine through the pipe h to supply thesteam pipes 01 placed within the pipes E. For this pur pose the portion of the pipe h locatedinvfront of the exhaust chamber D is extended downward under the point where it branches 0E toward the cylinder H, and said extension enters the pipe d as shown in Fig. 2. When live steam is used the cock d leading from thepipe (1 into the exhaust chamber D is closed.

To permit the engineer'to control from'his cab the admission o'f steam to the chest of the cylinder H, there is placed upon the horizontal branch of the pipe h,a valve, the stem of which carries a cog wheel 41 Fig. 11 that is received between the parallel branches 'i of a'tu-bular lever I. The inner sides of said branches are provided with teeth,

but said inner sides are placed far enough;

apart, that both of them cannot come simultaneously into engagement with the cog wheel 'i. Onthe side of the teeth of each branch, a

, flat spring i is securedto the lever I at the inner end-ofthe long slot between-its branches. Said springs are so arranged with their outer end free from-each other, that either one can be forced laterally and outwardly from the Vfaceof the teeth on the branch 1' to permit there is With-inthe tubular lever I a'rod I that-carries on its front enda triangular cam 1 adapted to bear against one of the springsql andon its rear end ahandle I to give a partial revolution to said rod and its cam.

The lever I is operated by the engineer m0ving it back and forth, and thereby actuating the valve of the pipe h.' A lever as I and its a rod 1 can be applied to other valves of the engine if at a distance from the engineer. The heating and ventilating pipes E are provided with joints and short pipes E arranged in zig-zag order near each end of each car to allow for the expansion and compression of the bumpers, said pipes E containing also similarly arranged shortsteam pipes. The

last bends of the pipes E are parallel with the axis of the car.

Each'car is provided with two combined steam and air pipes on each side, the pipe E closed entirely, or their size regulated by means of trough like sectional plates K-pl-aced within said pipe, that have correspondingly slotted openings k to coincide withthe-opening-s 1:; when desired, and solid walls between the openings k to close'the openings when said solid portions of the plate K are opposite the said-openings'k. The outer curved surface of the plates K is kept in close contact with the interiorsurfaceof the pipes E by means of spring-arms k projecting from the rear of the plates Kand bearing against the opposite surface'ot the pipes E To slide the platesK, each oneisprovided with a pin 10 projecting radially therefrom through one of the openings 10 and said pin is pivota'lly connected with an angular lever 70' carried in suitable bearings and extended horizontally within the'car. Partial rotation of the 'platesK is prevented byg'uide pinsk projecting from the side of said plates and passing through horizontal slots in the pipes E Each pipe E is also provided neareach end thereof with a funnelg on top thereof to receive perfumed or disinfecting liquid, as may be desired, to be slowly introduced in said pipe, said funnel being closed by a removable cover g and having a small faucet g in the small pipe supporting it.

The steam pipes 01 within the pipes E are controlled at each end of-theicarby means of a valve 01 within the elbow of said pipes. Said valve has its upper edge preferably hinged to a loop of metal within saidelbow and is retained and operated by means of a screw-rod d passing through and in engagement with said-elbow andwith' the elbow of the pipe E the ball-shapedhead of the screwrod 01 being received in a correspondingly shaped recess within the rearof the valve d.

The lower air-pipes E can also lee-controlled by similar valves 01".

To utilize the caloric given by the exhaust steam'of the engine to the walls of the ex- ICC haust chamber D to heat the feed-water injected into the boiler as usual, said exhaust chamber has formed against its rear wall a water heating chamber D having the same length and height, into which water is conducted from the injector'through the pipe D and it issues therefrom near the top, into the boiler through the pipe D Said chamber D is provided with a pipe m to remove the sediment accumulating in the bottom thereof; and the exhaust chamber D has a pipe 1% to remove the water condensing in the bottom thereof.

I am aware thatin heating apparatus, steam pipes have been placed within pipes used to convey air, to heat said air, and I do not broadly claim said feature.

Having now fully described my invention, I claim- 1. In combination with the forward fluesheet of a steam boiler, the vertical exhaust chamber D in front of said flue-sheet and having a water heating chamber D against its rear wall, a pipe (1 having a valve (1 thereon and leading from the top of said chamber D into the smoke stack, a pipe d leading from the side of said chamber D into pipes (1 extended into a car, and air pipes E inclosing said pipes d substantially as described.

2. The combination of the forward flue sheet of a locomotive boiler, the vertical exhaust chamber D in front of said flue-sheet and having a water heating chamber D against its rear wall, a pipe d havinga valve d thereon and leading from the top of said chamber D into the smoke stack, a pipe h leading steam from the steam space of the boiler into pipes d at the sides of said boiler and conducted into a car in the rear of said boiler, and air pipes E encircling said pipes (1 3. The combination of the forward flue sheet of a steam boiler, the vertical exhaust chamber D in front of saidfiue-sheet and having a water heating chamber D against its rear wall, a pipe at having a valve 61 thereon and leading from the top of said chamber D into the smoke stack a pipe (i leading from the side of said chamber D into pipes d steam pipes d at the sides of said boiler and led into a car in the .rear of said boiler, a smoke chamber in front of the exhaust chamber D, coiled air pipes f in said smoke cham ber and leading into pipes E on the outside of the boiler, andair pipes E encircling the pipes cl substantially as described.

4. The combination of the forward fluesheet of a steam-boiler the vertical exhaust chamber D in front of said flue-sheet and having a water heating chamber D against its rear wall, a pipe 61 having a valve (1 thereon and leading from the top of saidchamber D into the smoke-stack a pipe (1 leading from the side of said chamberD into pipes 01 steam pipes d led into a car in the rear of said boiler, a smoke chamber in front of the exhaust chamber D, a perforated plate A in the top of said smoke chamber, a perforated damper A upon the plate A coiled air pipes f in said smoke chamber, and air pipes E encirclingthe pipes d substantially as described.

5. The combination of the forward fluesheet of a steam-boiler, the vertical exhaust chamber D in front of said flue-sheet and having awater heating chamber D against its rear wall, a pipe 02 having a valve d thereon and leading from the top of said chamber D into the smoke stack a pipe (i leading from the side of said chamber D into train pipes (1 a smoke chamber A in front of the chamber D, a fan F in front of the chamber A, the air pipe E leading to cars, a cylinder'H having its piston connected with the shaft of the fan F, and exhaust pipe h leading from said cylinder H into the exhaust chamber D substantially as described.

6. The combination of the forward flue sheet of a steam boiler, the vertical exhaust chamber D in front of said flue-sheet and having a water heating chamber D against its rear wall, a pipe (1 having a valve d -thereon and leading from said chamber D into the smoke stack a pipe d leading from the side of said chamber D into train pipes d, a smoke chamber A in front of the chamber D, a fan Fin front of the chamber A, a cylinder H having its piston connected with the shaft of the fan F, an exhaust pipe k leading from said cylinder H into the exhaust chamber D, a live-steam pipe h for the cylinder H, a valve upon said pipe h a cog wheel upon the stem of said valve, and a valve operating lever having racks for actuating said valve and extended rearwardly thereof and the pipe E to conduct the heated air to the cars substantially as described.

7. The combination of the forward fluesheet of a steam boiler, the vertical exhaust chamber D in front of said flue-sheet a pipe (1 having a valve d thereon and leading from the top of said chamber to the smoke stack,a pipe (1 leading from said chamber D into pipes d and the latter into a car, and a feedwater reservoir D attached to the rear wall of the exhaust chamber substantially as described.

8. The combination of a locomotive, steam pipes d leading therefrom to cars, a fan on the front of the locomotive, and air pipes E and E leading to cars with pipes E under the floor of the car and pipe E on top of said floor, said pipes E having slotted perforations 70 and trough-like plates K within the pipe E said plates K having slotted perforations 10 and arms 70 substantially as described.

9. The combination of a locomotive, steam pipes (1 leading therefrom to cars, a fan on the front of the locomotive, and perforated air pipes E within the cars, trough-like plates K within the pipes E steam pipes (1 within the air pipes, said pipes d and E having e1- bows at their ends, a valve 61* at the end of the pipe (1 and ascrew valve-rod passing through said elbows substantially as described.

IIO

pipes d leading therefrom to cars, a fan onthe front of thelocom'otive and perforated air pipes within the cars, trough-like plates K- within the pipes E steam pipes (1 within the air pipes, and a funnel 9 upon the air pipes =E said plates K having pins k projecting through the air pipes, and angular levels 10 I connected with said pins substantially as described.

and having a removable cover and faucet substantially as described. I

1 1. The combination of the air pipeE leading from the 1ocomotive to the cars, the air pipes E and E carried by the cars, the pipes E beingprovided with perforations communieating therewith,- the steam pipes d extendf ing through pipes E- and E and the trough-- like sliding plates K located within the pipes E substantially as described.

12'. Thecombination of the air pipe-E-lead-r ing from the locomotive to the cars the air pipes E and E carried by'the ears, the pipes E being provided withperfo'rations communicating therewith, the steam pipes d extending through pipes E and E and the troughlike sliding plates K located within the pipes Intestimony whereof I afiix m ysignature'in presence of two witnesses.

WALTER HOWARD.-

Witnesses:

E. E. MAssoN, A. B. Dneens'. 

